Habot is the word for rock or stone. The plural is botí, which makes the stem bot with different affixes for the singular and plural. It is also the word for milestone, and by extension the word for mile, the measured distance between stones.
Bena, mountain, is a feminine noun. The genitive is benas. After a verb of motion the indirect object is the accusative benan, otherwise bena is used for the indirect object as well.
This language has three gramatical genders: masculine, feminine and neuter. Masculine nouns are usually unmarked after the stem. Feminine nouns end in -a, neuter nouns in -on. The plural endings are -í, -e, and -a. There are other plural endings that have slipped into the language like the marker -ga. Nouns and adjectives agree for endings in gender, number and case.
I have used surut, stream, to translate river, and ríon, brook, to translate valley as I don't have these words yet. This would mean that ríon has the extended meaning of a watercourse that may be dry for part of its time.
Shradye means 'heart, emotional organ', different from heart, physical organ which pumps blood. The phrase for 'sad' literally means 'troubled heart'. The construction is repeated in the final quote as a balance. Shradye is a feminine noun with a soft ending.
There are two stems for the word 'be at, be here': âya for inanimates like rocks, and íya for people and animals.
The associative preposition has different forms. If it governs a masculine or neuter noun it is ya or a. If it governs a masculine or neuter noun in an indirect clause after another preposition it is ye or e. This form is also used before plural nouns. If the noun is feminine it is yí or í. The y is dropped if the word before it ends in a consonant. In context it can mean 'and' or 'with'. It can join verbs together as an infinitive marker. It cannot join clauses. In that case the conjunction dok is used.
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